1958 black phantom missing locking fork key.

[GTs58]

Does that mean I can pull out the cylinder without damaging anything?

Here's the only vid I can find.

 

[Xlobsterman]

The fork is all original aside from the keyset as far as I’m aware. The bike does have a few 95 parts on it.

IMO, and if it were me, I would just buy a new complete lock & key on Ebay and be done with it. Since the bike already has non original 95 parts on it including this lock, then who is really going to notice it? Any good locksmith is going to charge you accordingly to make a new set of keys for it.

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[Vicious Cycle]

If the key is completely missing and you can turn the fork, then you are missing the guts to the lock assembly and the cylinder is just a piece filling in the hole.

That is true unless the bottom cup is a standard one and not the correct locking type.