Excluding anything modern......
Balloon tire era prewar Schwinn uses the 10 bearing cage everyone else did in the US when we still made a lot of bikes. Postwar Chicago Schwinn uses the ever so slightly smaller 9 bearing cage.
The BB shell size is the same on prewar and postwar Chicago Schwinns and most other American bikes with one piece cranks.
You can exchange 9 bearing for 10 bearing as long as you change everything, such as cups, bearing cages, and cones. The crank and chainwheel can stay.
The caveat is that Chicago Schwinn cranks are 28tpi and other US brands of the period were 24tpi. You can still usually exchange one for the other as long as you also change the crank.
In late model one-piece crank stuff of any brand, the old postwar Schwinn 9 bearing (smaller) cages have become much more common. The new bottom bracket sets and cranks that use them are 24tpi though. That combination probably didn't even exist back in the day. If it did, I never saw it. The new production 9 bearing cages themselves fit postwar Chicago Schwinns just fine, as do the new 12 bearing cages.